PURPOSE: To assess a patient’s ability to perform conjugate, full range of eye movements in the eight cardinal gaze positions. INDICATIONS: The clinician can provide a quick, inexpensive analysis of the patient’s ocular motility, often performed before assessing eye alignment. EQUIPMENT: None. TIME REQUIRED: 1 minute. SET-UP: INSTRUCTIONS: THE VALUE: The 8-Cardinal Gaze Test is […]

PURPOSE: To assess pupil constriction with exposure to direct light. INDICATIONS: Assessment of the PLR is useful for identifying a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) due to dysfunction anywhere along the afferent pupillary pathway. The clinician can provide a quick, inexpensive analysis of the patient’s pupillary response to light. EQUIPMENT: Penlight with pupil size measurements […]